This excludes "split" shots, where the cue ball strikes one of the shooter's and one of the opponent's object balls simultaneously. Your cue strikes the cue ball, causing it to roll into another ball, causing that ball to roll into the corner pocket. Strikes the cue-ball with a stick affixed to the narrower end, which is called a cue. Nitrocellulose was used as the first flexible film base, beginning with Eastman Kodak products in August 1889. Camphor is used as a plasticizer for nitrocellulose film, often called nitrate film. Nitrocellulose lacquers have been used as a finish on furniture and musical instruments. It remained the favorite of hobbyists for both historical reasons and for the ease with which a professional finish can be obtained. Purely for the sake of simplicity (because it doesn’t affect my argument at all), let’s say it’s a closed, deterministic, well-mixed system with no population structure or evolution or anything like that, so we can describe the dynamics with just two coupled equations, what is billiards one for prey dynamics and one for predator dynamics. For concreteness, let’s say it’s a limit cycle in the Rosenzweig-MacArthur model. For instance, let’s say the system is at equilibrium, meaning that predator and prey abundances aren’t changing over time.

And again for the sake of simplicity, let’s say it’s a constant environment and there’s no particular time at which organisms reproduce or die (e.g., there’s no "mating season"), so reproduction and mortality are always happening, albeit at per-capita and total rates that may vary over time as prey and predator abundances vary. This may be on a subtle or even subconscious level, but it’s still worth considering, especially if you have a grand vision of what spending time in your billiards room should be like. Now I can hear some of you saying, ok, that’s true of the math we use to describe the world, but it’s not literally true of the real world. They are, but that’s not my point here. But my point would still hold. It’s made of a thicker, heavier cotton, but it’s still soft and comfy. Like history, ecology is (mostly) not "just one damned thing after another." But it’s hard not to think of it that way, and to teach our students not to think of it that way.

"The prey go up, which causes the predators to go up, which causes the prey to crash, which causes the predators to crash." In lecture, even I’ve been known to slip and fall back on talking this way, and when I do the students’ eyes light up because it "clicks" with them, they feel like they "get" it, they find it natural to think that way. But ecology is mostly not like billiards, or falling dominoes, or Rube Goldberg machines. Rube Goldberg machines are sequences of causal events. When humans think about causality, they find it natural to think in terms of sequences of events. But you’re never going to find something that lets you redescribe predator-prey dynamics in terms of sequences of events, each causing the next. What will you find in this article? A decent slate table will cost somewhere between $1,800 and $3,000 brand new. Cigarette brand Embassy sponsored the World Snooker Championship for 30 consecutive years from 1976 to 2005, one of the longest-running deals in British sports sponsorship.

The current Women's Association Croquet World Champion (2023) is Debbie Lines of England. The way croquet is depicted in paintings and books says much about popular perceptions of the game, though little about the reality of modern play. In 1868, the first croquet all-comers meet was held at Moreton-in-Marsh, Gloucestershire, and in the same year, the All England Croquet Club was formed at Wimbledon, London. The Daily Telegraph. London. Births and deaths are happening instantly and continuously. You’ve got some prey that reproduce and die, and some of those deaths are due to predators. Predators convert consumed prey into new predators, and they die. Or, let’s say the predators and prey exhibit cyclic dynamics. Why do the predators and prey cycle? That’s why colliding billiard balls are a paradigmatic example of causality in philosophy. Learn why pool tables are not designed for extra weight and what could happen if you ignore these guidelines. Pool is the most popular in Australia. Some people prefer the 7ft pool table as it’s easier to sink the balls and play is faster.